{"id":2873,"date":"2021-12-23T19:50:07","date_gmt":"2021-12-23T18:50:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/najibmikou.com\/fr\/?p=2873"},"modified":"2021-12-23T19:50:10","modified_gmt":"2021-12-23T18:50:10","slug":"retour-sur-lannee-536-consideree-comme-la-pire-dans-lhistoire-de-lhumanite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/najibmikou.com\/fr\/retour-sur-lannee-536-consideree-comme-la-pire-dans-lhistoire-de-lhumanite\/","title":{"rendered":"Retour sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e 536, consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la pire dans l\u2019histoire de l\u2019humanit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>\u00ab Ce changement radical s\u2019est produit en une nuit, marquant le d\u00e9but de l\u2019une des pires p\u00e9riodes pour \u00eatre en vie \u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En 536 de notre \u00e8re, un myst\u00e9rieux brouillard s\u2019abattait sur l\u2019Europe, le Moyen-Orient et certaines parties de l\u2019Asie. Celui-ci allait bloquer la lumi\u00e8re solaire pendant un an et demi, entra\u00eenant une chute spectaculaire des temp\u00e9ratures et la perte des r\u00e9coltes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>UNE ANN\u00c9E \u00ab SOMBRE \u00bb<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans le cadre de travaux publi\u00e9s dans la revue&nbsp;<em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/antiquity\/article\/alpine-icecore-evidence-for-the-transformation-of-the-european-monetary-system-ad-640670\/0727B4230C5DA92634B6251B9FBD3898\" target=\"_blank\">Antiquity<\/a><\/em>, des chercheurs de l\u2019<strong>universit\u00e9 de Harvard&nbsp;<\/strong>ont \u00e9tudi\u00e9 une carotte de glace ancienne pr\u00e9lev\u00e9e sur un glacier suisse et \u00e9tabli qu\u2019une \u00e9ruption volcanique survenue en&nbsp;<strong>Islande&nbsp;<\/strong>au d\u00e9but de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 536 \u00e9tait \u00e0 l\u2019origine de l\u2019\u00e9pais voile de cendres ayant recouvert l\u2019h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord. \u00c0 l\u2019instar de l\u2019<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89ruption_du_Tambora_en_1815\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9ruption du&nbsp;<strong>Tambora<\/strong><\/a>en 1815 (la plus meurtri\u00e8re jamais enregistr\u00e9e), cet \u00e9v\u00e8nement s\u2019est r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 suffisamment important pour modifier les sch\u00e9mas climatiques mondiaux et provoquer des ann\u00e9es de famine.LIRE AUSSI&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dailygeekshow.com\/sigiriya-sri-lanka\/\">Perch\u00e9e au sommet d\u2019une roche volcanique, d\u00e9couvrez Sigiriya, l\u2019ancienne capitale sri lankaise<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 quoi ressemblaient exactement les 18 premiers mois d\u2019obscurit\u00e9 ? Selon l\u2019historien byzantin\u00a0<strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Procope_de_C%C3%A9sar%C3%A9e\" target=\"_blank\">Procope<\/a><\/strong>, \u00ab\u00a0<em>le Soleil projetait une lumi\u00e8re blafarde, semblable \u00e0 celle de la Lune et les hommes n\u2019\u00e9taient \u00e0 l\u2019abri ni de la guerre, ni de la peste, ni d\u2019aucune autre source de mort<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb. \u00ab\u00a0<em>Nous nous \u00e9tonnons de ne pas voir l\u2019ombre de nos corps \u00e0 midi<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crivait l\u2019homme politique romain\u00a0<strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cassiodore\" target=\"_blank\">Cassiodore<\/a><\/strong>, \u00e9voquant par ailleurs des saisons \u00ab\u00a0<em>semblant s\u2019\u00eatre emm\u00eal\u00e9es<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-dailymotion\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Des batteries lithium-soufre pourraient alimenter les v\u00e9hicules de demain\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"696\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dailymotion.com\/embed\/video\/x7zkhp6\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>De fa\u00e7on assez surprenante, de tels r\u00e9cits \u00e9taient consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme fantaisistes jusqu\u2019aux ann\u00e9es 1990. Au cours de cette d\u00e9cennie, des chercheurs ont examin\u00e9 les cernes d\u2019arbres en&nbsp;<strong>Irlande<\/strong>, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant un changement drastique du climat vers 536. Les temp\u00e9ratures estivales ont chut\u00e9 de 1,6 \u00e0 3 \u00b0C en&nbsp;<strong>Europe&nbsp;<\/strong>et en&nbsp;<strong>Asie&nbsp;<\/strong>(certains observateurs chinois faisant m\u00eame \u00e9tat de chutes de neige en plein \u00e9t\u00e9), ce qui a pouss\u00e9 les scientifiques \u00e0 qualifier cette p\u00e9riode de \u00ab&nbsp;<em>petit \u00e2ge glaciaire de l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 tardive<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/dailygeekshow.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/une-volcan-oxygene-terre-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-761431\"\/><figcaption>\u2014 Ammit Jack \/ Shutterstock.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab&nbsp;<em>Ce changement radical s\u2019est produit en une nuit, marquant le d\u00e9but de l\u2019une des pires p\u00e9riodes pour \u00eatre en vie, si ce n\u2019est la pire ann\u00e9e<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb, explique&nbsp;<strong>Michael McCormick<\/strong>, co-auteur de l\u2019\u00e9tude.LIRE AUSSI&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dailygeekshow.com\/himalaya-homo-sapiens\/\">Les sommets de l\u2019Himalaya ont \u00e9t\u00e9 atteints bien avant l\u2019arriv\u00e9e d\u2019Homo sapiens dans la r\u00e9gion<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>DES CONS\u00c9QUENCES DURABLES<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les effets de l\u2019\u00e9ruption de 536 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 aggrav\u00e9s par des \u00e9ruptions en 540 et 547, et l\u2019h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord a mis longtemps \u00e0 s\u2019en remettre. \u00ab&nbsp;<em>Le petit \u00e2ge glaciaire de l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 tardive qui a commenc\u00e9 au printemps 536 a dur\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 environ 660 en Europe occidentale, et 680 en Asie centrale<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb, d\u00e9taillent les auteurs de l\u2019\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette p\u00e9riode de froid et de famine a provoqu\u00e9 une stagnation \u00e9conomique en&nbsp;<strong>Europe&nbsp;<\/strong>s\u2019\u00e9tant intensifi\u00e9e en 541 lorsque la premi\u00e8re vague de peste bubonique (ayant tu\u00e9 entre 30 et 50 % de la population de l\u2019<strong>Empire byzantin<\/strong>, ou&nbsp;<strong>Empire romain d\u2019Orient<\/strong>) a \u00e9clat\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0<em>S\u2019il est possible que d\u2019autres \u00e9ruptions volcaniques non identifi\u00e9es aient contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9pais voile de cendres s\u2019\u00e9tant abattu sur l\u2019h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord en 536, nous connaissons d\u00e9sormais sa principale source\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb, conclut\u00a0<strong>Andrei Kurbatov<\/strong>, \u00e9galement co-auteur de l\u2019\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dailygeekshow.com\/annee-536-eruption\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Source<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab Ce changement radical s\u2019est produit en une nuit, marquant le d\u00e9but de l\u2019une des pires p\u00e9riodes pour \u00eatre en vie \u00bb En 536 de notre \u00e8re, un myst\u00e9rieux brouillard s\u2019abattait sur l\u2019Europe, le Moyen-Orient et certaines parties de l\u2019Asie. Celui-ci allait bloquer la lumi\u00e8re solaire pendant un an et demi, entra\u00eenant une chute spectaculaire [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2874,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.9.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/najibmikou.com\/fr\/retour-sur-lannee-536-consideree-comme-la-pire-dans-lhistoire-de-lhumanite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Retour sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e 536, consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la pire dans l\u2019histoire de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 - Najib MIKOU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00ab Ce changement radical s\u2019est produit en une nuit, marquant le d\u00e9but de l\u2019une des pires p\u00e9riodes pour \u00eatre en vie \u00bb En 536 de notre \u00e8re, un myst\u00e9rieux brouillard s\u2019abattait sur l\u2019Europe, le Moyen-Orient et certaines parties de l\u2019Asie. 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